Like all things natural or human-made, all modes of transportation, from horses to spacecraft are governed by the Principle of conservation of matter, the First law of thermodynamics, and the Second law of thermodynamics. The activities described in this article help students to explore the varied methods for powering our transportation needs, and provides students with valuable knowledge and practical experience in applying these scientific laws and principles that govern matter and energy in useful ways. Students will also learn to be thoughtful and deliberate citizens as they engage in a variety of activities designed to demonstrate the delicate balance between the use of technology and our environment, and the associated financial and environmental costs of basic but important decisions we make in life--such as the type of car they choose to drive in the future.