Secondary science teachers are faced with an increasing number of students whose first language is not English and charged with preparing them for federal- and state-mandated end-of-course exams. In many states, these high-stakes tests play a crucial role in making decisions about promotion, graduation, and placement. Current policies generally dictate that English Language Learners (ELLs) demonstrate language and academic proficiency in content areas such as math, science, social studies, and English after one year in the U.S. school system. This article offers practical techniques to help ELLs achieve success in the science classroom.