Abstract
This directed case study tells the story of “Arie,” an anatomy and physiology student who has recently switched to distance learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Now home, her mother asks her opinion about the recent news articles about high blood pressure medication making COVID-19 infections worse. She is worried about Arie’s elderly grandfather, who takes medication to treat his hypertension and heart failure. Arie uses her physiology background to explain blood pressure regulation and the mechanism of drug actions to her mom. Arie learns about the novel components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) pathway, Ang1-7 and ACE2, and their relationship to COVID-19 in a conversation with her professor. They also discuss the strength of evidence from the scientific publications hypothesizing anti-hypertensive medications may worsen infection, and hear an opinion from her grandfather’s cardiologist. The case also explores drug interventions for hypertension, and ends with a discussion of scientific investigations and their strength of evidence for supporting hypotheses. The case is relevant to courses studying blood pressure physiology or treatment, such as anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology courses in science, nursing, pre-med, health science, or pharmacy programs.