This case study explores the biology and culture of sex and gender, and focuses on the science and pseudoscience that surrounds this topic, especially focusing on math performance.  The case leads students to seek out and evaluate popular culture references to gender differences and gender norms in terms of their scientific validity.  Then students examine the concepts of biological sex, gender, and how these may not be the same.  The scientific evidence for differences in math performance are examined and evaluated and the statistical approach to meta-analysis is introduced, as well as the phenomenon of stereotype threat.  Discussion of what are "real" differences between the genders is also explored.  Portions of the case are presented in the flipped fashion. The case was originally written for an introductory biology course, but could also be used in any developmental biology or human biology course. It could also be used in psychology, gender studies, or even in a general education course.