In this interrupted case study, students assume the role of a first-year medical resident starting their OB-GYN rotation with “Dr. Peera.” When a patient is rushed to the ER with back pain, vaginal discharge, and severe abdominal cramps, Dr. Peera and her team determine that the patient is pregnant and likely experiencing preterm labor. Students review basic facts of pregnancy, fetal development, and physiological regulation of labor and delivery. They then use this information to discuss how to medically treat preterm labor. Once preterm labor is confirmed, students research the appropriate use of glucocorticoids and tocolytics in patient management. Finally, they are asked to consider the difficulties of treating pregnant women as drugs that impact the mother can also impact the fetus. This case study is ideally suited for a human anatomy and physiology course for undergraduates pursuing a career in the medical field, but it is also appropriate for a nursing course, and possibly in a human development or comparative physiology course.