Abstract
This "clicker" case presents the true story of a 20-year-old athlete who developed a life threatening reaction to anesthesia during a simple elective surgical procedure. His response was unexpected, but not unusual for individuals who possess an inherited skeletal muscle disorder leading to a condition called malignant hyperthermia because the symptoms only appear in the presence of certain anesthetics. Once the anesthetics act on skeletal muscle proteins, the patient experiences elevated body temperature up to 107°F, muscle rigidity, organ failure, and eventual death if left untreated. Designed for a large enrollment course in human anatomy and physiology or an upper-level physiology course, the case is useful for teaching the events leading to skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation, the importance of ATP and calcium ions in muscle contraction, and how a mutation in a skeletal muscle protein associated with excitation-contraction coupling can lead to malignant hyperthermia. The case is an adaptation of "A Perfect Storm in the Operating Room: Anesthesia and Skeletal Muscle Contractions" by Kelley Grorud published by the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science (NCCSTS) in 2010.