You have two days before you and your colleagues must decide the fate of this planet and the hundreds of people who are waiting to re-colonize it. Before you come to any conclusions, however, you need to find out exactly what happened on this planet, why it happened, and what the future possibilities are. This case study is designed to be taught using Problem-Based Learning or another cooperative strategy where teams of five to six students work together throughout the term. Students should have some background in evolution and perhaps ecology by the time this case is used.