Modeling Sunspots

Journal Article | August 2013

How Korean high school students used two types of modeling in their study of the Sun.

Modeling Convection

Journal Article | August 2004

Typically, teachers use simple models that employ differences in temperature and density to help students visualize convection. However, most of these models are incomplete or merely hint at (instead of model)…

Modeling Muscles

Journal Article | November 2007

Teaching the anatomy of the muscle system to high school students can be challenging. Students often learn about muscle anatomy by memorizing information from textbooks or by observing plastic, inflexible models.…

Models That Matter

Journal Article | February 2004

Chemistry is a difficult subject for students to understand because its core concepts—atoms, molecules, and chemical bonds—cannot be directly observed. Students primarily learn chemistry through their senses and do not…

Rethinking Models

Journal Article | December 2002

While models and analogies are integral to both the learning and practice of science, their use is complex and potentially troublesome. Misconceptions can arise when parts of a model are misleading, missing, or…

Moving From Product-Driven Models to Meaningful Practices

Journal Article | July 2019

Applying evidence-based ways to help teachers creatively approach scientific models