The central dogma of molecular biology is an essential topic in undergraduate biology, but transcription and translation are also some of the most difficult concepts for students to grasp, visualize, and apply to other biological concepts, e.g., phenotypical changes, genetic diseases, and mutations. This directed case study is designed to help students master this material by relating the story of a pair of undergraduates, “Arnold” and “Jack,” as they attempt to understand the biological mystery behind a bull expressing extreme muscle definition. The case makes use of the “flipped” approach by having students watch a set of videos before engaging the case in class so that they are prepared to explore the concepts of transcription, translation, and how various types of DNA mutations can have an effect on the generation of a protein. Originally written for introductory-level undergraduate biology classes, the case can easily be adapted for use in upper-level classes to address topics like gene expression, epigenetics, and biotechnology-based approaches.