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Assessment practices

By Mary Bigelow

Posted on 2012-04-08

Table of Contents


Do you need an interesting way to start a faculty meeting? Try the assessment crossword in this month’s Editor’s Roundtable. Even if you give your colleagues a word bank for their responses, the puzzle can be a discussion-starter. I occasionally gave this type of quiz to my students. They seemed somewhat surprised at this change of format, but they seemed to spend more time on figuring out and discussing the responses.
Although assessments are often seen as the “final” part of learning, assessments can actually be starting points. In the guest editorial Misunderstanding Misconceptions, Page Keeley discusses the use of formative assessment probes to identify students’ misconceptions. There is even a list of misunderstandings teachers may have about misconceptions—another topic for a faculty meeting.
The choice of words used in instruction can reinforce misconceptions, such as students assuming that the words guess, prediction, and hypothesis are interchangeable. More Than Just Guessing: The Difference Between Prediction and Hypothesis describes the nuances of these words and provides examples and definitions. For example, a prediction “reflects our thoughts about what will happen in the future, but it is based on patterns we have observed or on our prior knowledge.” A hypothesis goes further than a prediction, using “prior knowledge to create an experimental design that can be tested.” The author suggests an if-then-because format for a hypothesis statement. [SciLinks: Scientific Methods]
Another misconception held by students, parents, and administrators (and a few teachers) is that any hands-on activity is “inquiry.” Two articles address this issue. Folding Inquiry Into Cookbook Activities has suggestions for transforming traditional “labs” into higher levels of inquiry as students develop more ownership in the purpose and design of the investigation. An Integrated Instructional Approach to Facilitate Inquiry in the Classroom discusses inquiry as a continuum of approaches and describes a 7E learning cycle model integrated with a KLEW strategy (know-learn-evidence-wonder) in a unit on the water cycle. [SciLinks: Water Cycle, Scientific Investigations]

Creating Science Assessments That Support Inquiry has examples of assessment items that incorporate graphics, scenarios, and quotes as a context for student responses at the remembering, analyzing, and evaluating levels. Even so, when we use an assessment, many times we are so focused on how many students choose the correct answer, that we don’t see the patterns in and misconceptions in the incorrect responses. What were they thinking? Applying Scientific Principles to Resolve Student Misconceptions looks at a topic which students may struggle to understand (buoyancy) and has a graphic showing how students’ perceptions of sinking and floating have an impact on their responses to assessment items. Understading their responses can be helpful when planning instruction. [SciLinks: Buoyancy, Density]
The authors of Investigating Students’ Ideas About the Flow of Matter and Energy in Living Systems describe in detail student misconceptions about this topic—where food comes from and how it is used in the body. The list of ideas about food (i.e., matter and energy in living systems) includes related misconceptions students may have—an excellent resource for the topic, an analysis of student responses, and words teachers can use to enhance student understanding. [SciLinks: Food and Energy] In the realm of physical science, A Change for Chemistry differentiates between preconceptions (“coherent ideas prior to instruction”) and misconceptions (“scientifically inaccurate ideas”) and how teachers can learn more about student thinking from a pre-assessment than by checking wrong answers on a final test. A list of common misconceptions about the nature of matter is included. [SciLinks: Physical/Chemical Changes, States of Matter]
At the recent NSTA conference, I saw many teachers using iPads for not only checking email or finding information but also for taking photos of exhibits and presentation screens (rather than copying information). A Coruscating Star in the Cavalcade of Electronic Devices: The iPad has a overview of this tool and several science apps that are applicable for teaching and learning. (OK – I had to look up the meaning of coruscating: flashing or sparkling; brilliant or striking in content or style, which seems to describe the tool and its applications well!)

Table of Contents

 

Sharing what I learned at the 2012 NSTA national conference

By Peggy Ashbrook

Posted on 2012-04-06

With spring break coming right after the conference my reporting has been delayed. There were many interesting sessions presenting and discussing many interesting ideas at the 2012 NSTA national conference in Indianapolis. Here are a few of the ideas from a few of the sessions.

Young student shows his model of the Earth.This young scientist displays his developmentally appropriate model of the Earth in a session by Dr. Brenda B. Mackay Associate Professor of Education at Cedarville University in Cedarville, Ohio. She suggested several books, including Hands-on Projects About Changes in the Earth by Krista West (2002, Power Kids Press, Rosen Publishing) and Underfoot by David M. Schwartz and photographs by Dwight Kuhn (1997, Creative Teaching Press).

Presenter shows a "density bottle" with layers of different liquids.Dr. John Payne of Mercer University involved participants in making and thinking about “density bottles,” a layering of liquids of different densities such as water, oil, corn syrup and dishwashing liquid (NOTE: do not use alcohol for young children). We also tested the sounds made by tapping our palms with different lengths of PVC pipe, observed a millipede curled up under bark in a terrarium, and used a “color box” to view colored balls through films of different colors to notice changes perceived color.A color box with windows of different colored plastic film.Tapping an open PVC pipe with the palm of your hand to make a tone.
 
 
 
 
A conference session on the butterfly life cycle.Nancy Sale presented a Butterfly Bonanza, showing examples of several species and slides of many others. Have you made a butterfly lifecycle craft out of pasta? We each got a early reader book or other classroom-useful goodie and drawings were held for big book copies.
Participants solved the puzzle by talking about, and then showing their piece.Conference participants puzzling out a series of pictures.
In a session titled Inspired by Nature’s spectrum: Observation and questioning in art and science inquiry, Glenda McCarty and Jennifer Hope led us thorough an exercise in piecing a puzzle together by talking to each other and describing what we observed on our piece. We got it! In addition to bringing us together as a learning group, this exercise referred to how scientists may be working on pieces of the same question and need to talk with each other to determine an answer. They also shared ideas for creating a “parts of a whole” book with windows made from holes in pages, and notebooks with covers made from box cardboard and pages made from one-side-used paper.
A small window reveals only part of the image.book made of re-used cardboard and paper.Picture in window is revealed to be a chrysalis.
I’m sorry that I couldn’t stay long enough to attend the other 8 sessions I had put on my schedule. I can look them up on the conference schedule page and hope they posted packets so I can get a few ideas to use with my students.
I’d like to hear about sessions that you went to. Post a comment to tell us all about something you learned so we can pass it on.
Peggy

With spring break coming right after the conference my reporting has been delayed. There were many interesting sessions presenting and discussing many interesting ideas at the 2012 NSTA national conference in Indianapolis. Here are a few of the ideas from a few of the sessions.

 

More conference joy—available online too!

By Peggy Ashbrook

Posted on 2012-04-06

Thank you Council for Elementary Science and APAST, SEPA, the NSTA Committee on Preschool-Elementary Science Teaching, and Science and Children for the “Elementary Extravaganza”! (Click here, then scroll down to see photos.) Well before 8am science educators were lining up to get into the ballroom where each one (of ~ 100) tables was a different presenter ready to share a lesson plan, cool idea, student work, or product, and enter into a discussion as deep as you wanted to go. Thank you for the combined efforts that supported and created such an awesome concentration of professional development–we did indeed “Walk away with a head full of ideas and arms filled with materials.” Each person who attended got a sturdy carry-bag made of recycled materials, and a jump drive, and many won door prizes. What a fun and productive way to spend the first 1.5 hours of a conference morning. If you weren’t able to make it, you can still access some of the material.
I passed out copies of the journal Young Children, generously donated by the National Association for the Education of Young Children, my other professional association. In the March 2012 issue the NAEYC Early Childhood Science Interest Forum is introduced, and there are several features focusing on science in this all-around excellent issue.
What didn’t I see at the “Elementary Extravaganza”? What did I miss? Go to the  Elementary Extravaganza session listing on the NSTA Indianapolis Conference page to download the presenters information sheets.
Here are photos (click on a photo for a link) to share what I saw. Comment below to add information about your table or another favorite.
And each person who attended got a sturdy carry-bag made of recycled materials, and a jump drive, and many won door prizes. What a fun and productive way to spend the first 1.5 hours of the morning,
Peggy

 
 

Thank you Council for Elementary Science and APAST, SEPA, the NSTA Committee on Preschool-Elementary Science Teaching, and Science and Children for the “Elementary Extravaganza”!

 

WeDo Robotics, Lego Education

By Ken Roberts

Posted on 2012-04-01

WeDo

 

LEGO Education WeDo Robotics is designed to foster problem solving, critical thinking, communication, and teamwork in second- through fourth-grade classrooms. Teachers at Barrett Elementary, a NASA Explorer Alumni School, in Arlington, Virginia tested the complete kit with several small groups of students of diverse ages, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
     The drag-and-drop programming software is easy to use and the Activity Pack is a must for teachers and students with limited robotics experience. The lesson binder is especially user-friendly with an overview of the robotics activities and their connections to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics standards. Any robotics novice will be able to follow the lesson plans and make good use of the glossaries and helpful visuals. The kits are compact and easily stacked and stored, which is ideal for classrooms with limited storage space.
     Based on our previous experience with LEGO Mindstorms robots, we found that the WeDo robots were much easier to build and program. The Activity Pack software introduces the robots to the students with short cartoon videos before guiding them through the building of the robots piece by piece. A few of the groups made building errors, but they were able to troubleshoot successfully with minimal input from the teacher. For the targeted age group, the kit was appropriately engaging and all students clamored for another session.
     The most important lessons learned by the participants are that teamwork is essential and LEGOS and robots are fun and exciting for both boys and girls. Caroline, who worked in an experienced LEGO building group with another girl and boy, explained, “I’m glad the people who worked with me were there because I probably couldn’t have done it on my own. I probably would have skipped something or done something wrong.” One of the groups consisted of three girls who speak English as a second language and who do not have any LEGOs at home. Before getting started, Maria commented, “Lots of boys play with LEGOs.” At the end of the session, her teammate, Gabriella exclaimed, “LEGOs are fun for boys and girls, but girls don’t think they’re for girls because they haven’t played with them yet. I’m going to tell my mom to buy me LEGOs!” Bringing LEGO WeDo Robotics into the classroom has the potential to reach and inspire children, and especially girls, who wouldn’t normally have these opportunities outside of school.
     Each robotics lesson, including 30 minutes for building, can be completed in 60 to 90 minutes. While many teachers have limited time for additional activities outside of their units of study, these compact lessons can be easily incorporated into mathematics and science time because they can be done in just one or two sessions.
Engaging students with robotics in the elementary classroom is likely to spark excitement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and may motivate students to pursue future STEM-related learning opportunities and careers.

WeDo

 

 

Dedicated teachers willing to go the distance

By Lynn Petrinjak

Posted on 2012-03-31

I talk to teachers from all over the country during the national conference and am no longer surprised to find some who have traveled from distance corners of the nation. There also usually an international group. But once in a while, I’ll meet a teacher like Elizabeth who attends the conference despite the fact that she teaches in Saudi Arabia.

I talk to teachers from all over the country during the national conference and am no longer surprised to find some who have traveled from distance corners of the nation. There also usually an international group. But once in a while, I’ll meet a teacher like Elizabeth who attends the conference despite the fact that she teaches in Saudi Arabia.

 

Planning for next year now

By Lynn Petrinjak

Posted on 2012-03-31

Attendees of the 2012 NSTA National Conference on Science Education used the free wi-fi to keep in touch with colleagues at the event and back home.


Saturday morning and the conference is going strong. As I was walking down the hall, I overheard a woman telling a friend how she was overwhelmed — there was just too much that she wanted to do while here. She said, “Next year, I’m coming a day earlier!”
Guess it’s time to start planning for San Antonio!

Attendees of the 2012 NSTA National Conference on Science Education used the free wi-fi to keep in touch with colleagues at the event and back home.

 

Learning in the Exhibit Hall

By Mary Bigelow

Posted on 2012-03-30

Asking questions


When my district sent teachers to conferences, we were expected to submit a list of sessions we attended. NSTA has a great transcript feature for this documentation, producing a professional-looking document. But I never thought of including the time I spent in the exhibit hall (which you can do with the transcript tool).

A mini-seminar


After walking around today, I realize that was probably a mistake. Many of the vendors have set up seminar areas with seats or tables and offer brief mini-classes and demonstrations. Afterwards, they often give “door prizes” to participants.

One-on-one tutorial


I also saw teachers having intense one-on-one conversations with vendors, asking questions or getting personalized information about science-related products and services.
So how would you document these informal sessions? With a camera, of course! I saw several teachers snapping photos with their cell phones, tablets, or digital cameras. (One even asked if a passer-by could take the photo of her with a consultant. You could even photograph a display of all of the posters, books, and other supplies that you collect in the exhibit hall, illustrating the report submitted to the principal.

Hands-on collaboration


Cameras are becoming indispensable tools at conferences–capturing screens at a presentation, products at the exhibit hall, documentation of events, and especially the memories of new-found friends and colleagues.

Asking questions

 

Long day, but they're still at it

By Lynn Petrinjak

Posted on 2012-03-30

A hands-on experience with a walking stick


It’s been a long day, but there are still sessions going on. The exhibit hall is still a popular spot with many folks checking out the latest texts, software, and other “interactives” like the walking stick pictured here!

A hands-on experience with a walking stick

 

Why they come, part 2

By Lynn Petrinjak

Posted on 2012-03-30

Indianapolis chemistry teacher Georgia Watson was enthusiastic about her experience today at the NSTA national conference. Not only did she present on her project-based forensic science program, but she also visited the exhibit hall, where she collected resources—including several free ones!
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfSFubDjm3g[/youtube]
Deanna, in town from Fort Wayne, Indiana, has been attending sessions this morning, focusing on hands-on learning opportunities for her fifth- and sixth-grade students.
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgMa_KG2_uY[/youtube]

Indianapolis chemistry teacher Georgia Watson was enthusiastic about her experience today at the NSTA national conference. Not only did she present on her project-based forensic science program, but she also visited the exhibit hall, where she collected resources—including several free ones!
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfSFubDjm3g[/youtube]
Deanna, in town from Fort Wayne, Indiana, has been attending sessions this morning, focusing on hands-on learning opportunities for her fifth- and sixth-grade students.

 

Educators want to know more about the NGSS Framework

By Lynn Petrinjak

Posted on 2012-03-30

Hundreds of teachers were eager to hear more about the Framework for the Next Generation Science Standards from NSTA Executive Director Francis Eberle and Stephen Pruitt of Achieve, Inc.


This morning’s session on the Framework for the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) drew quite a crowd. In addition to the people sitting and standing around the periphery, I saw a number of educators standing in the hallway just outside the door.
Some attendees posed questions, ranging from the inclusion of controversial topics in the NGSS to how assessment of students and states’ adoption of the standards will be conducted to coordination between the NGSS and the framework for technology and engineering.
Stephen Pruitt, vice president for content, research, and development at Achieve, Inc., encouraged audience members to participate in the public review of the standards’ draft, expected to be released in late April or May. Read more about the NGSS and the framework.

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